However, in November 2020, following the reopening of the Guerguerat border crossing with Mauritania, occupied by Sahrawi troops, clashes broke out between the Sherifian kingdom and the Polisario Front, threatening the cease-fire put in place in 1991. Who would win a war between Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Somalia, Nigeria, Niger, and Chad vs Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, DR Congo, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Angola, and Tanzania? Moroccan activism, Algerian tension King Hassan II of Morocco visited Algiers in March 1963 to discuss the undefined borders, but Algeria's President Ahmed Ben Bella believed the matter should be resolved at a later date. It is now on the military terrain that this almost fifty-year antagonism between the two enemy brothers is unfolding. The Algerian government expressed its deep concern on this issue, considering these actions as an inadmissible systematic violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms which also constitutes a flagrant violation of the principles and norms governing international relations, and automatically attacked Morocco without any substantial evidence: Algeria expresses its deep concern over the revelations made by a consortium of several media bodies with a high professional reputation and revealing the widespread use by the authorities of some countries, and notably Morocco, of a spyware called Pegasus to spyon Algerian officials and citizens, as well as journalists and human rights defenders worldwide.. [39] After the four leaders met alone on October 30, a truce was declared. But history shows that countries do not always have complete control over the scale of their own aggression, as seemingly minor escalations have quickly degenerated in the past. [14] Tuat owed religious[15] and tributary allegiance to the Sultans of Morocco, although it was separated from both Algeria and Morocco by a largely uninhabited desert. So, it is quite a risky position to take.". Morocco caught up with Algeria . Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), created in 1976, is supported by Algiers, which even agrees to shelter its leaders and hundreds of thousands of Sahrawi refugees on its soil. Neither army is in a position to sustain a ground incursion into the other for long, except for small incursions into the border area. Simply use the dropdowns below to select your global powers. Referring to the speech of Ramtane Lamamra, the new head of Algerian diplomacy, at the same conference, he also said that Algeria should not deny this right to the Kabyle people while supporting the self-determination of the Sahrawis and Palestinians. Relations between the two North African states have been marred by several crises since their independence, particularly the 1963 Sand War, the . Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statutes that might otherwise be infringing. The Algerian foreign ministry protested against the authorities of some countries, especially Morocco, using the Israeli spyware programme Pegasus against Algerian officials and citizens. It was critically important to the course of World War II. The remarks, which came in the conclusion of a statement, have since been dubbed by Algerias foreign ministry as a particularly dangerous drift.. Not a week goes by without a new report of an attack on Moroccos defensive wall. Here are the most prominent tensions between the two countries over the past decades: Algeria and Morocco confronted each other militarily over a border dispute in the so-called Sand War in October 1963 following Algerias independence on July 5, 1962. . This period had an impact on Algerian politics, which perceived Europe as a neo-colonialist threat. An aggravating circumstance in such a context was the statement by Yair Lapid, Israeli Minister of Foreign Affairs, in Rabat on August 12, 2021, expressing his countrys concerns about Algeria because of its proximity to Iran. [5], Moroccan forces had planned a second offensive on Tindouf and occupied positions about four kilometres from the settlement. The troops provided training to the Algerians, and their medical team offered the population free healthcare. So far, Morocco has denied any involvement in the bombings that took place in the Moroccan-controlled Western Sahara near the border with Mauritania. [11] In the Treaty of Lalla Maghnia (March 18, 1845), which set the border between French Algeria and Morocco, it is stipulated that "a territory without water is uninhabitable and its boundaries are superfluous"[12] and the border is delineated over only 165km. "There might be some effort to whip up support domestically and to try and create an enemy which therefore empowers the Algerian elite and the regime again. This application was rejected three years later for geographical reasons, as Morocco is not European. If you are reading this message your browser has Javascript disabled. World Military Loop 721 subscribers Subscribe 3.7K views 11 months ago #military #Morocco #Algeria In this video, we have. In addition, Morocco has been keen on mending ties with various European countries, among them Germany, after several fallouts in the past year. [21], In 1956 France relinquished its protectorate in Morocco, which immediately demanded the return of the disputed departments, especially Tindouf. According to the investigation by the Forbidden Stories Consortium and Amnesty International, about 6,000 Algerian phone numbers including some belonging to senior political, military, and intelligence officials, including current Foreign Minister Ramtane Lamamra, as well as the current and former army chief of staff were identified as targets of the Pegasus software, which was marketed by the Israeli company NSO in 2019. Moroccos King Mohammed VI called for the restoration of diplomatic ties with Algeria. In the eyes of the Algerian regime, there is the blessed Hirak, the one that put an end to the mafia-like excesses of the presidency of Abdelaziz Bouteflika (1999-2019), and the cursed Hirak, the one that demands a change of regime and which would be supported according to the Algerian military regime by Imperialist-Zionist forces. Although the Moroccan state did not interfere in the annexation of the Tuat region, several Moroccan tribes independently sent volunteers to fight against the French. It stalled due to unexpectedly stubborn resistance from the town's Algerian and Egyptian garrison. This was only the latest episode in a process of escalation between the two countries. [29], Despite internal discontent with the Algerian government, most of the country supported the war effort, which Algerians generally perceived as an act of Moroccan aggression. Moroccan King Mohammed VI urges Algeria to put aside the differences between the two neighbours and open a new page in their relations. Before French colonization of the region in the nineteenth century, part of south and west Algeria were under Moroccan influence and no border was defined. Leading up to the final days of Trump's period in the White House, the former president signed a decree officially acknowledging (by America) Morocco's claim that the disputed territory is a legitimate sovereign part of the kingdom. Backed by neighbouring Algeria, the Polisario waged a guerrilla war until the . Why is Netflix pouring billions into South Korean shows? They are characterized by a rivalry for leadership in the region, but also by periods of tension. However, the contract between Algeria's state-owned energy company Sonatrach and the Moroccan National Office for Energy and Potable Water (ONEE) ended without renewal in late October this year. A preamble recognized that Algeria had fallen behind other Arab . Then-Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika attended the funeral of King Hassan II, who died on July 23, 1999, in Morocco as an attempt to mend the relations between the two Arab countries. You can follow Professor Mohamed Chtatou on Twitter: @Ayurinu, 2023 The Times of Israel , All Rights Reserved. Bilateral relations warmed as Rabat prepared for a visit by the then-Algerian Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia and his delegation to sign several agreements. Trade agreements with the European Union incorporating the disputed territory are considered an achievement by Rabat both for its claim to the Moroccan identity of the Western Sahara and its positioning as a regional leader. On May 18, 2021, the government classified the pro-independence Movement for Self-Determination of Kabylia (MAK) as a terrorist organization after a meeting of the High-Security Council (HCS). We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. The two countries summoned each others ambassadors. According to Rabat, which controls 80% of the natural resources (fishing, phosphate) of this vast area, Western Sahara is an autonomous territory according to the UN, in the absence of a final settlement of the conflict. Morocco maintains its programme of strategic alliances and its projection on five continents intact. READ MORE Morocco/Algeria : Tensions on the rise after Algerian show mocks the King. The Algerian High-Security Council (HCS), an organ of consultation between the President of the Republic, the army, and the security services, declared on August 18, 2021, in a statement, that, the incessant hostile acts perpetrated by Morocco against Algeria required the revision of relations between the two countries and the intensification of security control at the Western borders. The two countries signed a two-phase border demarcation and good-neighbourliness treaty in 1969 and 1972 as a culmination of the end of the war and the border dispute. Countries similar in appearance but heterogeneous in fact. o Neither country has a fifth column within the enemy. In the 1890s, the French administration and military called for the annexation of the Tuat region. Dubbed North Africa's new 'Cold War', the tensions between Morocco and neighboring Algeria threaten to escalate and the consequences of this have a lot more to do with Western meddling in the affairs of the two countries than meets the eye. Tensions between Algeria and Morocco were at their highest this past summer. The Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Morocco to the United Nations in New York, Omar Hilale on July 15, 2021, presented Algerias support for the self-determination of the Western Sahara region as hypocritical, in the face of Algeria denying similar rights to its Kabyle people. Algiers and Rabat are involved in another spat as Morocco condemns provocative acts at a football tournament in Algeria. And in a deal brokered by the US, the kingdom agreed to resume diplomatic relations with Israel, a long-standing taboo for Algeria which also happens to be the Polisario Fronts main backer. A presidential statement confirms that Tebboune had given the order to not renew the contract "in light of the hostile behavior of the (Moroccan) kingdom which undermines national unity.". In the case of UNFP, its leader, Mehdi Ben Barka, sided with Algeria, and was sentenced to death in absentia as a result. [34] Algeria and Cuba planned a major counteroffensive, Operation Dignidad, aimed at driving the Moroccan forces back across the border and capturing Berguent. Although this war ended in a cease-fire permitted by the Organization of African Unity (OAU) under the proposal of Malian President Modibo KETA, the resulting enmity remained a problem that hindered the establishment of peace in the region since. For Mediterranean and Atlantic leaders, it wants to be the bridge of communication, information and understanding between cultures. But regional instabilities, in Libya and the Sahel in particular, are putting a lot of pressure on both countries, and are also contributing to the escalation of tensions. In Algiers, Moroccos latest moves have been a clear source of tension at a time when Algerias once highly influential diplomatic corps is starting to pick up the pieces after 20 years of stagnation under former president Abdelaziz Bouteflikas regime. This resulted in the deaths of hundreds of Algeria's ill-equipped. [32], French sources reported Algerian casualties to be 60 dead and 250 wounded,[6] with later works giving a number of 300 Algerian dead. [23], Multiple actors, including the Arab League, Tunisia's Habib Bourguiba, Libya's King Idris, and Ethiopia's Emperor Haile Selassie, sought to moderate negotiations. - In order for bilateral military confrontation to occur, there are different patterns that have to be reached: o War is the ultimate instrument for the defence of the country's strategic interests, which include national security and the country's projection as an international actor. Called the War of the Sands, this war refers to the attack of the Algerian army on Moroccan troops which caused the death of 12 Moroccan soldiers. o The legal limbo in terms of international legality, in which the Western Sahara conflict finds itself, is not the cause of the crisis between Morocco and Algeria, although it is an aggravating factor. But without strong evidence, I think they would be hard pushed to launch some kind of military attack in response," Gower said. Algeria recalledits ambassador from Rabat. Please use the following structure: example@domain.com, Send me The Times of Israel Daily Edition. For foreign chancelleries, there are no compelling reasons for the unilateral severance of diplomatic relations decreed by Algiers on 24 August. Moroccan youth organised a protest in front of the Algerian consulate in the northern city of Casablanca against Bouteflikas statements on human rights in the Sahara region. The published content of the pages contained herein is unique to this website (unless where indicated) and not for reuse in any form. During the Cold War, the late King Hassan II used this conflict as an instrument, drawing a parallel between the Western Sahara conflict and the confrontation between East and West, citing Algerias ideological proximity to the USSR. Morocco vs Algeria Military Comparison 2022 | Who Would Win?Morocco vs Algeria military power comparison 2022Algeria vs Morocco military power comparisonAlgeria vs Morocco military comparisonAlgeria vs Morocco military power Morocco military power comparison 2022 Algeria military power comparison 2022Algeria vs Morocco army power military power comparison 2022 Morocco vs Algeria military power 2022Morocco vs AlgeriaWorld Military Loop Algeria vs MoroccoAlgeria vs Morocco MilitaryAlgeria vs Morocco military power Morocco military power comparison 2022Algeria military power comparison 2022#Morocco#Algeria#military#millitary_Comparison#millitaryComparison [37] While Castro had hoped to keep Cuba's intervention covert, and a number of the Cuban personnel wore Algerian uniforms, they were observed by French military and diplomatic staff in Oran and word of their presence soon leaked to the Western press. - Some of these stepping stones to armed conflict have already been completed: severance of diplomatic relations; total cooling of economic and trade relations; cancellation of contracts of joint ventures operating in both countries; suspension of the bilateral contract for the joint use of the Maghreb-Europe gas pipeline linking Algeria-Morocco-Spain and Portugal; ban on Moroccan civilian and military flights over Algerian airspace; cancellation of international meetings of a multilateral nature in which both countries could be present (absence of the Moroccan and Algerian ministers at the Union for the Mediterranean meeting in Barcelona; suspension of the Russia-Arab World meeting in Marrakesh, to which the Algerian minister was invited; harsh dialectical clashes between the two diplomacies in various United Nations forums). He is, also, a specialist on political Islam in the MENA region with interest in the roots of terrorism and religious extremism. The Algerian authorities no longer see Morocco as a rival but as a potential enemy, seeking to destabilize a regime already weakened by an economy damaged by the fall in the price of oil in 2014 and by a political situation that has been at a standstill since the emergence of the Hirakin February 2019, a peaceful movement demanding a democratic transition. Three factors contributed to the outbreak of this conflict: the absence of a precise delineation of the border between Algeria and Morocco, the discovery of important mineral resources in the disputed area, and the Moroccan irredentism fueled by the Greater Morocco[9] ideology of the Istiqlal Party and Allal al-Fassi.[10]. Indeed, shortly after Algerian independence, tensions between the two countries rose. This is part three of a five-part series. However, for Algeria, much is alsoat stakeif they can't meet the demand. The GFP country comparison form is provided to allow you to make direct, side-by-side comparisons of any two world powers represented in the GFP database. [39] Finally, the accord suggested an immediate gathering of the Foreign Ministers of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). Welcome to the next big thing; WhoWouldWinAFight.com (WWWAF.com), the best online resource for determining - once and for all - who would win in a fight. The Moroccan UNFP and the Algerian-Berber FFS of At Ahmed both suffered as a result of this. In order to understand what is at stake, it is worth reflecting on several points: - First, for there to be a war, there must be two opposing camps, either alone as countries or in coalition with other allies. The Polisario Front fought a long war against Morocco to win the independence of the disputed Western Saharan territory. It advocated social democracy within an Islamic framework and equal citizenship for any resident in Algeria. Answer (1 of 8): As ArgentineI would advise two neighboring nations such as Morocco and Algeria NOT to go to war. [4] The Royal Moroccan Army soon crossed into Algeria in force and succeeded in taking the two border posts of Hassi-Beida and Tindjoub. Reduced to these realistic proportions, such a policy may seem feasible. The war began on the night of October 31, 1954. Let the Morocco and Algeria see who is more powerful. The severance of diplomatic relations with Morocco announced on August 24, 2021, came against a backdrop of vulnerability for the Algerian regime, which has not stopped denouncing plots against Algeria since the Arab revolts of 2011. Algeria does the same, and talks with its allies that revolve largely around the Western Sahara issue, as well as negotiations with countries focused on the sale of hydrocarbons, gas and oil, are not at all affected by the crisis with Morocco.
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